The first chocolate lozenge appeared in England in ; cocoa powder was originally produced by the Dutch in ; the chocolate bar originated in Great Brittan in ; and, the Swiss successfully entered the chocolate market with milk chocolate in , followed shortly thereafter with chocolate imbued with hazelnuts.
Thanks to this extended period of culinary and manufacturing innovation, chocolate consumption rapidly and continuously expanded. Pharmacological uses for cocoa and cocoa by-products were also widely explored, not too surprising given the properties its earliest consumers attributed to it i.
Cocoa During the Industrial Era The industrial era led to fundamental changes for chocolate and cocoa, impacting everyone from grower to end consumer.
Spain, the first exporter of chocolate, opened the first chocolate factory in in Barcelona, followed shortly thereafter by Germany and Switzerland in the inexorable, relentless march towards full industrialization of cocoa.
The origins of cocoa also gradually changed. Europeans began increasingly to colonise Africa, and they brought the cocoa tree with them. Cocoa was successfully planted in Sao Tome and Principe and then migrated as plantations spread throughout the African continent. The industrial epoch led to the slow decline of production in South America, despite its expansion from its original growing areas to the Amazon River and saw a new cocoa empire emerge on African soil.
In effect, since the start of the 20th century, Africa has taken the lead and has become the biggest cocoa producer. Industrialization has had a marked democratizing effect on chocolate, transforming it from a rare delicacy reserved for royals, to a widely available and readily affordable treat for the masses.
Not surprisingly, a plethora of new chocolate products began appearing as it became more popular, including chocolate with dried fruits, with liqueurs, fondu, praline, stuffed chocolates, powdered, spreads, frostings, pastes, hard candies, soft drinks and many, many others.
Either hand-made or as a fast food, it is now an established part of the world's vocabulary and diet. Many improvements have been made since its ancient origins as a drink.
Anthelme Brillat-Savarin poetically summed up our universal love affair with chocolate "What is health? It is chocolate! Holland, Chemist Coenraad van Houten invents a process for extracting cocoa butter, allowing for the extraction of cocoa powder. Chocolate is available to drink, but is more often enjoyed as an edible confection or in desserts and baked goods. Modern-day chocolate production comes at a cost. As many cocoa farmers struggle to make ends meet, some turn to low-wage or slave labor sometimes acquired by child trafficking to stay competitive.
This has prompted grass roots efforts for large chocolate companies to reconsider how they get their cocoa supply. A Brief History of Chocolate. Child Labor and Slavery in the Chocolate Industry.
The Food Empowerment Project. Chocolate-Making Conch. The National Museum of American History. Chocolate Use in Early Aztec Cultures. International Cocoa Association. History of Chocolate: Chocolate in the Colonies.
The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. The Bittersweet History of Chocolate. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us!
Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. Teotihuacan is an ancient Mesoamerican city located 30 miles 50 km northeast of modern-day Mexico City. A country rich in history, tradition and culture, Mexico is made up of 31 states and one federal district. It is the third largest country in Latin America and has one of the largest populations—more than million—making it the home of more Spanish speakers than any other But for New discoveries are still being unearthed in the area, providing even more insight into the culture and The Maya Empire, centered in the tropical lowlands of what is now Guatemala, reached the peak of its power and influence around the sixth century A.
The Maya excelled at agriculture, pottery, hieroglyph writing, calendar-making and mathematics, and left behind an astonishing The ancient Maya, a diverse group of indigenous people who lived in parts of present-day Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras, had one of the most sophisticated and complex civilizations in the Western Hemisphere. Between about and A.
This low, flat state still has a large indigenous population that lives primarily in rural areas. Contrary to popular belief, Tabasco was not named after the spicy peppers of the same name, though the state is a major producer of other farm products, including cacao, coconuts, Chiapas ranks second among the Mexican states in the production of cacao, the product used Because it was relatively isolated from the rest of Mexico until recently, the state developed its own unique culture.
There are few foods with such a rich, diverse and intriguing history as cocoa and chocolate. We inherited cocoa from the pre-Colombian cultures in Latin America, similar to how we received coffee and other foods.
This liquid was made using crushed cocoa beans, water and chilli peppers. There was a belief amongst the Mayan people that the frothier your drink was the more potent its benefits would be so they would pass the drink from container to container to create a foamy head. It was the Aztecs that introduced cocoa to the Spanish who took the divine food back to Europe in the 16th century.
Throughout its history chocolate has always been much sought after and traded globally, whether in its liquid or solid form.
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